Settlement of Inheritance Disputes in Customary Courts (Research Study in Panggoi Village, Muara Dua District, Lhokseumawe City)

Abstract

This study examines the settlement of inheritance disputes through customary courts in Gampong Panggoi, Muara Dua District, Lhokseumawe City. The background of this study begins with the fact that local communities prefer customary courts to formal courts, because they are considered simpler, more familial, and reflect local wisdom values combined with Islamic law. The purpose of this study is to understand the process of resolving inheritance disputes in customary courts, identify emerging obstacles, and analyze efforts made to overcome these obstacles. The research method used is empirical legal research with a qualitative approach, involving primary data from interviews with customary leaders, village officials, and disputing parties, as well as secondary data in the form of literature and related regulations. The results of the study indicate that the dispute resolution process is carried out through family deliberations led by (keuchik), mediators, and customary leaders, with the results of the agreements recorded in minutes. The main obstacles encountered include a lack of understanding of Islamic inheritance law, disagreements among heirs, emotional involvement, and limited ownership documents. Efforts made include involving traditional and religious leaders to provide explanations, encouraging the parties to reconcile, and preparing minutes as evidence of agreement. This research recommends that the Panggoi Village community improve their understanding of Islamic inheritance law (faraidh) so that the inheritance distribution process can be more equitable and in accordance with sharia. Furthermore, village officials such as village heads and traditional mediators are expected to strengthen their roles in dispute resolution.