Identification of Environmental Security in Relation to Crime Rates in Simeulue Regency Using Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) Method
Keywords:
environmental security, criminal offenses, Activity, clustering, Simeulue RegencyAbstract
Criminal offenses are acts that violate criminal law and are punishable by the state, either through imprisonment, fines, or other sanctions. These offenses cause significant distress and harm to the general public, individuals, and the state. In Simeulue Regency, the number of criminal cases has been increasing annually, driven by social, economic, environmental, cultural, legal, technological, and psychological factors. This study aims to analyze the relationship between environmental security and the level of criminal cases in Simeulue Regency using the Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) algorithm. The data used includes criminal cases from 2019 to 2023 across 10 districts, along with environmental information such as population density, public facilities, and socioeconomic indicators. The research methodology involves data collection and cleaning, Euclidean distance calculation, parameter selection for DBSCAN, and the application of validation formulas to determine the vulnerability to criminal offenses in Simeulue Regency. The analysis results, using an epsilon parameter of 5 and MinPts of 3, yielded clusters 0, -1, and 1. Cluster 0 includes Salang and Teluk Dalam districts; cluster -1 includes Alafan, Simeulue Tengah, Simeulue Timur, Simeulue Barat, Teupah Barat, and Teupah Selatan districts; and cluster 1 includes Simeulue Cut and Teupah Tengah districts. The validation formula indicates that the highly vulnerable area is in Simeulue Timur district, while the at-risk areas are Teupah Tengah, Teluk Dalam, and Teupah Barat districts. The areas classified as not at risk are Alafan, Salang, Simeulue Tengah, Simeulue Cut, Simeulue Barat, and Teupah Selatan districts. This study provides insights into areas that require increased attention in efforts to address and prevent criminal offenses.
Keywords: environmental security, criminal offenses, DBSCAN, clustering, Simeulue Regency
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