Current Conference Proceedings Volume
In multicultural societies such as Indonesia, the coexistence of state law, religious law, and customary law illustrates the reality of legal pluralism. This plurality, while reflecting rich social and historical dynamics, often presents challenges in achieving justice that is both inclusive and sustainable. Indonesia’s recognition of customary and Islamic law demonstrates an effort to respect local wisdom, yet tensions arise when aligning it with national and universal human rights standards. Similar dilemmas appear globally, as in Malaysia, South Africa, and India. Harmonization thus requires a flexible yet principled legal framework that integrates diversity without compromising justice. Local wisdom rooted in fairness, harmony, and community-based dispute resolution plays a vital role in legitimizing law socially and culturally. This international conference provides a forum for rethinking legal pluralism, sharing global best practices, and advancing context-sensitive, participatory legal reform toward a more humane and culturally grounded global legal order.
The industrial revolution 4.0 was born after being preceded by three previous generations: the first generation of steam engines, the second generation of electrification, and the third generation of computerization. The fourth generation, also known as industry 4.0, is a cyber-physical system with digitization, product interconnection, value chains and business models. Industry 4.0 also includes research, networking of industry players, and standardization. By digitizing the interconnection of products, the trade chain can be shortened, thereby accelerating the flow of goods and services from producers to consumers. Later, this will reduce operating costs, potentially increasing economic activity, producer income, and consumer efficiency.
